Macroscopic quantum effects of electromagnetic induction in silicon nanostructures
At room temperature, a macroscopic quantum galvanomagnetic effect of Faraday electromagnetic induction was demonstrated under conditions of the capture of single magnetic flux quanta in the edge channels, confined by chains of negative-U centers, in a silicon nanostructure heavily doped with boron, prepared in Hall geometry on an n-type Si (100) substrate. It is shown that this effect leads to the appearance of an induction current when only a constant magnetic field is applied in the absence of an externally applied voltage or a stabilized current. The experimental dependences of Uxx, Uxy, and Upn on the magnitude of the external magnetic field in its various directions demonstrate both the Hall staircase of conductivity and the Shubnikov–de Haas oscillations.